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Manannán or Manann (Old Irish ''Manandán''), also known as Manannán mac Lir (''Mac Lir'' meaning "son of the sea"),〔Charles Squire. Celtic Myth and Legend〕 is a sea deity in Irish mythology. He is affiliated with both the Tuatha Dé Danann and the Fomorians. In the tales, he is said to own a boat named ''Scuabtuinne'' ("Wave Sweeper"), a sea-borne chariot drawn by the horse ''Enbarr'', a powerful sword named ''Fragarach'' ("The Answerer"), and a cloak of invisibility (''féth fíada''). He is seen as the guardian of the Otherworld and one who ferries souls to the afterlife. Manannán is furthermore identified with the trickster figure ''Bodach an Chóta Lachtna'' ("the churl in the drab coat").〔(Bodach an Chóta Lachtna ) in the Oxford ''Dictionary of Irish Mythology''. ''Eachtra Bhodaigh an Chóta Lachtna'' ("Tale of the Carle in the Drab Coat") is the title of a 17th-century Fenian tale.〕 Manannán appears also in Scottish and Manx legend, and some sources say the Isle of Man (''Manainn'') is named after him, while others say he is named after the island. He is cognate with the Welsh figure Manawydan fab Llŷr. ==Names and eponymy== Manannán is also known as Oirbsiu or Oirbsen, from which Lough Corrib takes its name.〔by misdivision from ''Loch Oirbsean''. Macalister, Vol. 4 (1941), p. 104.〕 His name is spelt ''Manandán'' in Old Irish, ''Manannán'' in modern Irish and Scottish Gaelic, and ''Mannan'' in Manx Gaelic. He is also given two surnames. The most common is ''Mac Lir'', which may mean "son of the sea" or "son of Ler". It has been suggested that Ler was a sea god whose role was taken over by Manannán. The other is ''Mac Alloit'' or ''Mac Alloid''. Allot or Allod may be another name for Ler. The late medieval ''Yellow Book of Lecan'' (written c. 1400) says there were four individuals called ''Manandán'' who lived at different times. They are: ''Manandán mac Alloit'', a "druid of the Tuath Dé Danann" whose "proper name was Oirbsen"; ''Manandán mac Lir'', a great sailor, merchant and druid; ''Manandán mac Cirp'', king of the Isles and Mann; and ''Manandán mac Atgnai'', who took in the sons of Uisnech and sailed to Ireland to avange their deaths.〔Skene, William F. ("Chapter VI. Manau Gododin and the Picts" ) in ''The Four Ancient Books of Wales''〕 His name is derived from that of the Isle of Man, which itself may come from a Celtic word for "mountain", i.e. "he of (isle of ) Man; he of the mountain".〔 If the name of Man reflects the generic word for "mountain", it is impossible to distinguish this from a generic "he of the mountain"; but the patronymic ''mac Lir'', interpreted as "son of the Sea", is taken to reinforce the association with the island. e.g. Wagner, Heinrich. "Origins of Pagan Irish Religion". ''Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie''. v. 38. 1-28.〕 In medieval Irish tradition, it appears that Manannán came to be considered eponymous of the island (rather than vice versa); in the earliest Irish mythological texts, Manannan is a king of the Otherworld, but the ''Sanas Cormaic'' identifies an euhemerized Manannán as "a famous merchant who resided in, and gave name to, the Isle of Man".〔cited after ''Catholic World'' 37 (1883) p. 261.〕 Later, Manannán is recorded as the first king of Mann in a Manx poem dated 1504.〔 ''The Dublin Review'' 57 (1865), (83f. )〕 In Manx tradition, he is kown as ''Mannan beg mac y Leir'', "little Mannan, son of the sea". Manannán's Welsh equivalent is Manawydan fab Llyr. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Manannán mac Lir」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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